Definitions from ChatGPT (see the Sample Citation below for how to cite these definitions in APA Style)
"Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the field of computer science and technology focused on creating systems or machines that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. These tasks include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, language understanding, and decision-making."
"Hallucinations refer to instances where an artificial intelligence system generates false, misleading, or nonsensical information that appears plausible but is not based on real data or facts."
"Generative Artificial Intelligence (Generative AI) refers to a class of AI systems designed to generate new, original content, such as text, images, audio, video, or code, based on patterns and data it has been trained on. Unlike traditional AI, which focuses on recognizing patterns and making decisions, generative AI creates something new by mimicking human-like creativity."
"Large Language Models (LLMs) are advanced artificial intelligence systems designed to understand and generate human-like text by processing and analyzing vast amounts of written data. They are built using deep learning techniques, specifically neural networks, and are trained on extensive datasets that include books, articles, websites, and other text-based sources. These models can perform a wide range of language-related tasks, including text completion, translation, summarization, and conversation."
"Prompts in AI refer to the input or instructions given to an AI model (typically a language model) to guide its behavior and elicit a desired response or output. A prompt can be as simple as a word or phrase or as complex as a detailed instruction or structured query.
The quality, clarity, and structure of a prompt significantly affect the output generated by the AI."
"Prompt Engineering is the process of designing and optimizing input prompts to maximize the performance and accuracy of AI models, particularly large language models (LLMs) like GPT. Since AI models respond to the instructions provided in prompts, crafting effective prompts is essential to guide the model toward producing the desired output."
Sample APA In-text citations:
According to OpenAI (2025), hallucinations occur when an AI tool creates inaccurate information that appears to be correct.
OR
When prompted to "define large-language models," ChatGPT-4 stated that "Large Language Models (LLMs) are advanced artificial intelligence systems designed to understand and generate human-like text by processing and analyzing vast amounts of written data" (OpenAI, 2025; see Appendix A for the full transcript).
APA Reference List Entry:
OpenAI. (2025). ChatGPT-4 [Large multimodal model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat
