Skip to Main Content

MLA Style Guide 9th Edition

Citing Indirect Sources

Citing Indirect Sources

MLA recommends citing the original source whenever possible.

If the original source is not available, you may quote or paraphrase from an indirect source. Always include the relationship qtd. in (quoted in) in the parenthetical citation. This applies to the use of direct quotes and paraphrasing.

Example:

 

Remember: the works cited entry for this citation will correspond with the indirect source which you are citing (in this case, Smith).